山西大学2008届硕士学位论文北朝丝绸之路的历史考察作者姓名赵涛指导教师李书吉教授学科专业专门史研究方向晋文化培养单位历史文化学院学习年限2005年9月—2008年6月二○○八年六月ShanxiUniversityMasterDegreeThesisof2008HistoricInvestigationonSilkRoadintheNorthernDynastiesStudentNameZhaoTaoSupervisorProf.LiShu-激MajorSpecializedHistoryFieldofResearchCultureResearchof激nDepartmentCollegeofHistoryResearchDurationSeptember.2005—June.2008June.2008目录引言1第一章北朝各政权对丝绸之路的经营31.1两汉魏晋时期丝绸之路的发展概况31.2北魏经营丝绸之路的原因41.3北魏对西域及丝绸之路的经营51.4北齐、北周对丝绸之路的经营11第二章北朝丝绸之路路线考察132.1丝绸之路东段132.2丝绸之路中段——西域之路172.2.1两汉魏晋时通西域之路线172.2.2北朝时期敦煌至西域之路线182.3丝绸之路各支线292.3.1吐谷浑之路292.3.2草原丝绸之路32第三章北朝时期通过丝绸之路传入我国的西方器物393.1金银器、鎏金铜器393.2金银币、首饰433.3玻璃器44第四章丝绸之路对北朝社会的影响49结语56附图58参考文献59致谢61附录62CONTENTSIntroduction1Chapter1：Everyregime’smanagementfortheSilkRoadduringSouthernNorthernDynasties31.1ThedevelopmentstatusoftheSilkRoadduringTwoHan,Wei,激nDynasty,SouthernandNorthernDynasties31.2ThereasonswhyNorthernWeimanagedtheSilkRoad41.3NorthernWei’smanagementfortheWesternAreaandtheSilkRoad51.4NorthernQi,NorthernZhouDynasty’smanagementfortheSilkRoad11Chapter2:TheroutereviewoftheSilkRoad132.1TheeasternsegmentoftheSilkRoad132.2ThemiddlesegmentoftheSilkRoad——TheWesternArea’sRoad172.2.1Thewesternarea’srouteduringTwoHanDynasties,WeiDynastyand激nDynasty172.2.2TheroutefromDunHuangtoWesternAreaduringNorthernDynasty182.3EachlateraloftheSilkRoad292.3.1TuGuHunRoad292.3.2ThegrasslandSilkRoad32Chapter3:ThewesterngoodswereintroducedbytheSilkRoadduringNorthernDynasty393.1Thegoldandsilverwaregildedbronzeware393.2Theforeigngoldsilvercoinandthejewelry433.3Glassware44Chapter4:SilkRoadtotheNorthernDynastysociety'sinfluence49Conclusion56Attachedfigure58References59Acknowledgment61Appendix62中文摘要北朝时期沟通中西方的丝绸之路对中西文化的交流起了极为重要的作用。本文在前人研究的基础之上，对北朝丝绸之路从三个方面作了论述，一是北朝各政权对西域及丝绸之路的经营分阶段作了论述，北魏前期积极经营西域和开通丝绸之路，但受到了北方游牧民族柔然和高车的阻碍，伴随着柔然和高车势力的衰退及中亚嚈哒民族的兴起，中西方展开了繁荣的文化交流；二、对北朝时期丝绸之路的具体路线做了考证。这一时期，西域南道、大沙海道、伊吾路在不同的阶段均对中西方得交通起了一定的作用。此外，吐谷浑道、六镇之路、涿邪山路等丝绸之路支线也在不同得阶段得以畅通。三、对这一时期通过丝绸之路传入中国的西方器物做了考察，在出土的西方金银器中，与嚈哒有关的器物占了很大比例，进一步说明了在六世纪上半叶，嚈哒民族对中西文化的交流起了一定得促进作用。关键词：北朝；丝绸之路；文化交流ABSTRACTInNorthernDynastytimecommunicationWest'sSilkRoadtoChinaandtheWestcultureexchangegreatimportancefunction.Thisstudiesinthepredecessorabovethefoundation,hasmadetheelaborationtotheNorthernDynastySilkRoadfromthreeaspects,First,NorthernDynastyvariouspoliticalpowerhavemadetheelaborationbystagestowesternregionandSilkRoad'smanagement,NorthernWeiDynastyearlierperiodmanagesthewesternregionandtheclearSilkRoadpositively,Buthasreceivednorththenomadssupplehoweverandthehighvehicle'shindrance,followingsupplehoweverandthehighvehicleinfluencedeclineandCentralAsiaYaDanationality'sstarting,TheWesthaslaunchedtheprosperousculturalexchange;Second,hasmadet...