慢性咳嗽常见病因之间咳嗽敏感性的差异#陈如冲1,2,刘春丽1,2,罗炜1,2,赖克方1,2*(1.广州呼吸疾病研究所,广州510120;510152025303540452.广州医学院第一附属医院呼吸科,广州510120)摘要:【背景】慢性咳嗽是内科门诊最常见的就诊原因,常表现为对理化刺激因子呈异常增高的咳嗽反应,但不同病因间咳嗽敏感性的差异及机制尚未清晰。【方法】通过慢性咳嗽病因诊断程序,确诊慢性咳嗽的常见病因,进行辣椒素咳嗽激发试验,并观察咳嗽敏感性与咳嗽病程、咳嗽严重度、肺通气功能、诱导痰细胞的关系。【结果】通过慢性咳嗽诊断程序进行病因诊断后,入选病例133例,其中UACS组24例、CVA组26例、EB组31例、AC组30例、GERC组22例、CPI组19例。AC、CVA、EB、GERC以及UACS组患者的咳嗽阈值LgC5分别1.70±0.70,1.37±0.64,2.12±0.67,2.13±0.69,1.69±0.73,2.16±0.66,2.63±0.39,较正常人(2.63±0.39)均有不同程度的增高(P均<0.05)。其中以GERC、AC患者咳嗽敏感性增高尤为显著(分别显著高于CVA、EB、PNDs组,P均<0.05),其咳嗽阈值低于正常人单侧95%参考值(125μmol/L)的比例较CVA、EB、PNDs组为多(P均<0.05)。慢性咳嗽患者的咳嗽阈值LgC5与咳嗽病程及日间咳嗽积分相关(r=-0.265,P<0.01),但与肺通气功能以及痰细胞总数、分类无关(P均>0.05)。【结论】常见慢性咳嗽患者辣椒素咳嗽敏感性均有不同程度增高,这种差异可能反映了不同病因的咳嗽发病机制不同,可能与支配咳嗽敏感性的神经纤维类型有关。关键词:咳嗽敏感性;慢性咳嗽;辣椒素中图分类号:R563.9DifferenceofcapsaicincoughsensitivityincommoncausesofchronicCHENRuchong1,2,LIUChunli1,2,LUOWei1,2,LAIKefang1,2(1.GuangzhouInstituteofRespiratoryDiseases,GuangZhou510120;2.DepartmentofRespiratoryDiseases,TheFirstAffiliatedHospitalofGuangzhouMedicalUniversity,GuangZhou510120)Abstract:【Background】Chroniccoughisthemostcommonreasonformedicalvisits.Itisoftenpresentasaincreasingcoughreactiontokindsofphysicalandchemicalstimulatingfactors.However,thecoughsensitivitydifferencesandmechanismsarenotyetclearindifferentcausesofchroniccough.【Methods】Usingamodifieddiagnosticalgorithmofcough,commoncausesofchroniccoughwereindentfied.Capsaicincoughprovacationtestwasperformedinthem.Therelationsbetweencoughreflexsensitivityanddurationofcough,coughseverity,pulmonaryfunction,inducedsputumcelldifferentialwerealsoinvestigated.【Results】Bythediagnosticalgorithmofchroniccough,thecurrentstudyevaluated133adultpatients,including24caseswithUACS,26patientswithCVA,31caseswithEB,30patientswithAC,22caseswithGERC.TheCoughthresholdofLgC5inAC,CVA,EB,GERC,UACSandNormalgroupwas1.70±0.70,2.12±0.67,2.13±0.69,1.69±0.73,2.16±0.66,2.63±0.39respectively.TheLgC5ofnormalgroupwasgreaterthanthoseofothergroups(AllP<0.05).TheLgC5ofAC,CPI,GERCwasgreaterthanCVA,EB,PNDs(P<0.05).DurationanddaytimeseverityofcoughshowedpositivecorrelationwithC5(r=-0.280,-0.168,allP<0.05),whilepulmonaryfunctionandinducedsputumcelldifferentialdidnot.【Conclusion】Anincreaseindifferentlevelofofcoughreflexsensitivityindifferentcauseofchroniccoughwasfound.Thedifferenceofcoughsensitivitymayreflectthedifferentpathogenesisincauses,andmayberelatedtothetypeofnervefiberdominatingthecoughreflex.基金项目:教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助课题(20094423120002);国家自然科学基金青年基金(81000033)作者简介:陈如冲,(1980-),男,医学博士,副主任医师,主要从事呼吸系统慢性气道疾病的诊治及研究工作。E-mail:chen_rch@163.com-1-Keywords:coughreflexsensitivity;chroniccough;capsaicin0引言5055606570咳嗽是呼吸内科门诊病人最常见的主诉,通常将咳嗽时间超过8周,胸部X线无明显肺部疾病证据的咳嗽称为慢性咳...