生物技术通报BIOTECHNOLOGYBULLETIN双饱蘑菇野生种质资源营养成分分析与评价郑惠清郭仲杰蔡志欣卢园萍廖剑华陈美元(福建省农业科学院食用菌研究所特色食用菌繁育与栽培国家地方联合工程研究中心，福州350012)摘要：为了评价双泡蘑菇野生种质资源的营养成分，筛选具有较好或特殊营养成分的种质，为双泡蘑菇育种提供科学的参考依据。以3份主栽品种为对照，分析评价了93份双弛磨菇野生种质材料的蛋白质、氨基酸和脂肪酸的营养成分含量，并以营养成分含量均高了均值为依据筛选营养高效均衡的种质资源。结果表明，双泡蘑菇野生种质的蛋白质含量为29.50-37.60g/100g,必需氨基酸含量为4.51-8.89g/100g,必需氨基酸的比例为24.69%-40.59%,亚油酸含量为4086.55-14190.28mg/kg,不饱和脂肪酸的比例为77.63%-87.47%o氨基酸的平均变异系数21.05%,亚汕酸的变异系数22.93%。93份双布蘑菇野生种质资源中氨基酸、脂肪酸含量存在丰富的变异，基于实验结果筛选到14份营养高效均衡的种质资源，可为双抱磨菇品质提升定向育种提供亲本材料。关键词：食用菌；种质资源；蛋白质；氨基酸；脂肪酸D0I:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech,bull,1985.2021-1137AnalysisandEvaluationofNutrientComponentsinAgaricusbisporusWildGermplasmResourceZHENGHui-qingGUOZhong-jieCAIZhi-xinLUYuan-pingLIAOJian-huaCHENMei-yuan(TheInstituteofEdibleFungi,FujianAcademyofAgriculturalSciences:NationalandLocaljointEngineeringResearchCenterfbrBreeding&CultivationofFeaturedEdibleFwigi,Fuzhou350012)Abstract:ThisworkaimstoevaluatethenutritionalcomponentsinwildgermplasmresourcesofAgaricusbisporus,andtoscreenthegermplasmwithhigherorspecialnutritionalcontents,forprovidingascientificreferenceforthebreedingofA.bisporus.Thecontentsofprotein,aminoacidandfattyacidin93wildstrainsofA.bisporuswereanalyzedandevaluatedusing3maincultivarsascontrols,andthenthegermplasmresourceswithbetternutritionwereselectedbasedonthenutrientcomponentshigherthantheaverageones.TheresultsshowedthattheproteincontentofthewildgermplasmofA.bisporuswas29.50-37.60g/lOOg,thecontentsofessentialaminoacidswere4.51-8.89g/lOOg,andtheratiosofessentialaminoacidswas24.69%~40.59%.Thelinoleicacidcontentwas4086.55~14190.28mg/kg,andtheratioofunsaturatedfattyacidswas77.63%-87.47%.Theaveragevariationcoefficientofaminoacidswas21.05%,andthatoflinoleicacidwas93%.Therewasabundantvariationinthecontentsofaminoacidsandfattyacidsof93wiIdstrainsofA.bisporus.Basedontheexperimentalresults.14germplasmswithhighandbalancednutrientwereselected,whichmayprovideparentmaterialsfordirectivebreedingofA.bisporustoimprovequality.Keywords：ediblemushroom；germplasmresources；protein；aminoacid；fattyacid双布蘑菇[Agaricusbisporus(J.E.Lange)Imbach]因其大多数担子上仅着生两个担弛子而得名，又名蘑菇、白蘑菇、commoncultivatedmushroombuttonmushroom、洋蘑菇等在分类学上隶属于真菌界(KingdomFungi)>担子菌门(Basidiomycota)>伞菌纲(Agaricomycetes)、伞菌目(Agaricales)>蘑菇科[12]王赵改，杨慧，李靖，等.采收期对不同品种双抱蘑菇品质的影响[J].河南农业科学,2012,41(7):107-110,127.R'angZG,YangH,LiJ,etal.InfluenceofdifferentharvesttimeonthequalityofAgaricusbisporus[J].JHenanAgricSci,2012,41(7):107-110,127.[13]朱燕华，王倩，陈明杰，等.不同采摘期的双弛蘑菇子实体蛋白质营养评价[J].上海农业学报,2016,32(4):29-34.ZhuYH,WangQ,ChenMJ,etal.NutritionalevaluationonproteinofAgaricusbisporusfruitbodiesatdifferentharvesttimes[J].ActaAgricShanghai,2016,32(4):29-34.[14]高宏伟，吴华，陈长法.双租菇子实体敏基酸和不饱和脂肪酸分析[J].检验检疫科学,2003,13(2):14-15.•食用菌生物技术专题•2021,37(I1):109-118收稿日期:2021-09-03基金项目：福建省公益类科研院...