欧洲云杉的扦插基质选择和穗条效应研究广西植物Guihaia31(4):479—4842O11年7月DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000—3142.2011.04.012欧洲云杉的扦插基质选择和穗条效应研究马建伟,安三平,杨炜,王美琴,张宋智,王军辉(1.甘肃省小陇山林业科学研究所,甘肃天水74lO22;2.中国林业科学研究院林业研究所国家林业局林木培育重点实验室,北京100091)摘要:以欧洲云杉6年生母树为采穗母株,系统研究了不同插穗条件对生根和幼苗生长的响应,同时观测了网袋容器基质配比对扦插幼苗生长的影响.结果表明:扦插后20d愈伤组织开始形成,37d时根尖开始出现,50~65d是生根的高峰期和根系发育期,65d时扦插苗根系基本形成.不同基质对欧洲云杉插穗生根率影响达到极显着水平,1份泥炭+2份炭化稻壳是进行欧洲云杉扦插的理想基质.插穗条件对生根成苗影响显着,一级侧枝的生根率高达100,带顶芽的插穗的生根率显着高于不带顶芽的插穗,5～10cm长的插穗是扦插的适宜插穗长度.插穗年龄和位置效应明显,1,2龄插穗和母树中部的插穗,扦插成活率高,成活苗根系发达,健壮.不同插穗条件欧洲云杉扦插苗经过1年培育,它们的生长量变化较大,这与插穗自身健康状况有关.关键词:欧洲云杉;插穗条件;基质;生根进程;生根率:Q94—3;$723.1文献标识码:A:1000—3142(2011)04—0479-06Research0nmediaselectionandcuttingeffectsinthecuttage0fPiceaabiesMA激an-Wei1,ANSan-PingI,YANGWei1,WNGMei—Qin1,ZHANGSong-ZhiI,ⅥNGJun-Hui2(1,ResearchInstituteofForestryofXiaolongshan,Tianshui741022,China;2.ResearchInstituteofForestry,ChineseAcademyofForestry,KeylaboratoryofTreeBreedingandCultivation,StateForestryAdministration,Bei激ng100091,China)Abstract:Usingsi~year-oldPiceaabiesasortets,asystematicstudywasconductedontheresponseofdifferentcut—ringconditionstorootingandgrowthofcutting,theeffectofmediaindegradablecontainersonthecuttinggrowthwasobservedatthesametime.Theresultsshowedthattheformationofcallositywasstartedtoformat20dafterpropa—gated,theroottipwasappearedat37d,thetimebetween50—65dwasthefatigueofrootingandthedevelopmentperiodofrootsystem,therootsystemwasformedbasicallywhen65d.Therewasextremelysignificantdifferencesofrootingratesamongdifferentmedia,peat+charricehusk(1:2)wastheidealmediumforP.abiescuttingpropaga—tion.Thecuttingconditionshadsignificanteffectontheformationofrootandseedling,therootingrateoftheprimarylateralbranchcouldreach100.Therootingrateofthecuttingswithtopbudwashigherthanthatofthecuttingswithouttopbud.Theoptimumcuttinglengthwas5—10cm.Thecuttingageandpositioneffectweredistinct,thecuttingsofoneortwo-year-oldfrommothertreemiddleparthadhighcuttingsurvivalrateandtherootsofsurvivalseedlingswereupgrowthandhaleness.Thecuttingseedlingspropagatedfromdifferentcuttingconditionswereculti—vatedforoneyear,andtheyexhibitedgreatvariationsinmassgrowth,whichwasrelatedwiththecuttingshealth.Keywords:Piceaabies;cuttingconditions;medium;rootingcourse;rootingrates收稿日期:2OlO一0807修回日期:2OlO一1230基金项目:国家级推广计划项目[zoo915号;国家农业科技成果转化基金(2010GB24320611)[ForestryExtensionPlanProjectstoPromoteNationalScientificandTechnologicalAchievements[2o09]5;AgriculturalScienceTechnologyAchievementsTransformationFund(2010GB24320611)]作者简介:马建伟(1963一),男,甘肃镇原人,高级工程师,从事林木遗传育种研究,(E—mail)lksma激anwei@sina.corn.*通讯作者:王军辉,男,研究员,主要从事云杉,楸树遗传种研究,(E-mail)wangjh808@sina.corn.480广西植物31卷世界云杉属(Picea)约有40多个种,它们单位面积年蓄积量高,材质好,用途广,早已成为西欧,北欧,波罗的海沿岸国家及俄罗斯和加拿大的重要工业用材树种.欧洲云杉(IPiceaables)广泛分布于欧洲中部和北部,垂直分布海拔2000m,年降水量5001000m...