ZHOUMeng-na,WANGLu,GUOJing,etal.DifferentSaltStressonSeedGerminationandSeedlingGrowthofCosmosbipinnatus［J］.UrbanEnvironment&UrbanEcology,2015，28（1）:1-4.不同盐胁迫对波斯菊种子萌发与幼苗生长的影响周梦娜，王露，郭敬，邓贤，施卫省*（昆明理工大学现代农业工程学院，昆明650500）摘要：利用波斯菊为试验材料，研究不同盐分浓度对种子萌发胁迫作用，探讨NaCl、Na2SO4和NaHCO3对波斯菊种子萌发与幼苗生长特性的影响。结果表明，Na2SO4对波斯菊种子的萌发具有低促高抑效应；当盐溶液浓度低于0.05%时，NaHCO3对种子的发芽无明显影响；NaCl对种子的发芽有明显影响。但随着浓度的升高，所表现的抑制作用为NaHCO3>NaCl>Na2SO4。波斯菊种子萌发时对NaCl、Na2SO4和NaHCO3的耐盐适宜浓度分别为0.067%、0.104%、0.052%；耐盐半致死浓度为0.209%、0.302%、0.181%；耐盐极限0.438%、0.619%、0.388%，即表明波斯菊种子对Na2SO4耐受能力最高，NaHCO3对种子发芽的胁迫力最大。波斯菊幼苗对3种盐溶液胁迫较为敏感，无论Na+浓度高低，均对出苗率、幼苗的株高及根长有不同程度的抑制作用，其中高浓度的NaHCO3抑制尤为明显，作物出现不生长趋势。中图分类号：X503.233文献标识码：A文章编号：150088（原1002-1264）（2015）01-0001-04DifferentSaltStressonSeedGerminationandSeedlingGrowthofCosmosbipinnatusZHOUMeng-na,WANGLu,GUOJing,DENGXian,SHIWei-sheng*（FacultyofModernAgriculturalEngineering,KunmingUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Kunming650500,China）Abstract:Inthispaper,theCosmosbipinnatuswasusedtotestthestressofdifferentsaltconcentrationsonseedgerminationandexploretheinfluenceofNaCl,Na2SO4andNaHCO3ongerminationandseedlinggrowthcharacteristicsofCosmos.TheresultsshowedthatNa2SO4hadalowpromotionbuthighinhibitoryeffectonCosmosseedgermination.Whenthesaltconcentrationwaslowerthan0.05%,theeffectofNaHCO3onseedgerminationhadnoobviousdifferencecomparedwiththecontrolgroup,butNaClproducedasignificantdifference.Withtheincreaseofthesaltconcentrations,theinhibitionofperformancewasasfollows:NaHCO3>NaCl>Na2SO4.InNaCl,Na2SO4andNaHCO3treatments,thesalt-tolerantsuitableconcentrationofCosmosseedgerminationwas0.067%,0.104%and0.052%,respectively;thesalttolerancemedianlethalconcentrationwas0.209%,0.302%and0.181%,respectively;andsalttolerancelimitwas0.438%,0.619%and0.388%,respectively,indicatingthattheCosmosseedshadthehighesttolerancetosaltsolutionofNa2SO4;andNaHCO3producedthemaximumstresstoseedgermination.Cosmosseedlingsweremoresensitivetoallthethreekindsofsaltsolutionstress.RegardlessofthelevelofNa+concentration,thegerminationrate,plantheightandrootlengthofseedlingwereinhibitedatdifferentdegrees.ThehighconcentrationofNaHCO3especiallyshowedhighinhibitionandnogrowthtrendwasobservedincrop.波斯菊（CosmosbipinnatusCav.）菊科秋英属，别名秋英、大波斯菊，为一年生草本花卉，原产于墨西哥及南美其他地区，近代引入我国栽培，自然花期6~10个月，喜温暖、凉爽的气候，耐贫瘠土壤。植株高度120～150cm，茎纤细直立，分枝较多，花期9月花卉品种之一［1-4］。土壤盐渍化是世界公认的资源问题和生态问题。据世界粮农组织和教科文组织的统计，全世界有各种盐渍土约9.5×108hm2，占陆地面积的10％左右，亚洲约有3.2×108hm2，占全球的1/3，我国有×107hm2［5,6］。土壤盐胁迫是影响城市园林植物、花卉生长的主要逆境条件之一。盐胁迫除了影响植物正常基金项目：云南省科技厅基金项目（2011FB032）；昆明理工大学学科方向团队项目（201382）收稿日期：2014-11-13；修回日期：2015-01-12*通讯作者：施卫省，硕士，教授，shiweisheng888@163.com80NaCl70Na2SO4）60NaHCO%503（势40芽30发201000（CK）0.050.10.20.4Na+浓度（%）2城市环境与城市生态28卷1期2015年生长发育之外，还影...