第期廖瑞金等:变压器油纸绝缘介质在直流电场中的空间电荷输运特性实验研究1变压器油纸绝缘介质在直流电场中的空间电荷输运特性实验研究廖瑞金,李伟,杨丽君,郝建,周天春(输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室(重庆大学),重庆市沙坪坝区400044)摘要:对换流变压器中使用的矿物油浸普通牛皮绝缘纸和油浸热稳定绝缘纸试样,在3种不同等级外施直流电场作用下采用电声脉冲法(PEA)进行空间电荷密度分布测量实验,分析了试样在加压时和去压后的空间电荷总量及其演变规律。实验发现:油浸普通牛皮绝缘纸的空间电荷注入起始阈值比油浸热稳定纸低,其体内易于注入电荷。加压时,油浸普通牛皮绝缘纸的空间电荷注入、输运和集聚现象比油浸热稳定绝缘纸试样更显著,且电荷注入量和注入速度均会随外施场强的升高而增大。去压后,油浸普通牛皮绝缘纸体内残留空间电荷量较油浸热稳定绝缘纸多,电荷消散所需时间较长。油浸普通牛皮绝缘纸介质体内陷阱是以相对油浸热稳定绝缘纸更高密度的浅陷阱分布为主。油纸绝缘介质材料差异对空间电荷输运特性的影响机制还有待深入研究和分析。关键词:变压器;油纸绝缘;空间电荷;电声脉冲法;PEA;输运;陷阱:TM201.4文献标识码:A:ExperimentalResearchonSpaceChargeTransportPropertiesofOil-paperInsulationMaterialsUnderDCFieldUsedinTransformerLIAORui-激n,LIWei,YANGLi-jun,HAO激an,ZHOUTian-chun(StateKeyLaboratoryofPowerTransmissionEquipmentSystemSecurityandNewTechnology(ChongqingUniversity),ShapingbaDistrict,Chongqing400044,China)Abstract:ThePulsedelectro-acousticmethodwasusedtomeasurethespacechargedistributionunderDCfieldofsamplesofcommonKraftpaperandthermally-stabilizedpaperbothimpregnatedbymineraloil.Thechangingofthetotalamountspacechargeinthesetwokindsofsampleswithintheappliedvoltageonandremovedwasdiscussed.ResultsshowthatthespacechargeinjectionthresholdvoltageoftheKraftpaperislowerthanthatofthethermally-stabilizedpaper,andchargeinjectioniseasierfortheKraftpaper.Whenelectricfiledisapplied,thechargeinjection,transportandaccumulationaremoreobviousintheKraftpaperthanthatofthethermally-stabilizedpaper,andthetotalamountofinjectionspacechargeandinjectionvelocityincreasewithintheappliedelectricfiledincreasingforbothkindsofpaper.Aftertheappliedelectricfiledisremoved,thetotalamountofchargeleftinbulkfortheKraftpaperismorethanthatofthethermally-stabilizedpaper,andthedecayofthechargeintheKraftpaperisslower,besides,thechargeleftinthebulkforbothkindsofpaperismainlytrappedbytheshallowtrapsinthematerials,butthetrapdensityintheKraftpaperishigherthanthatinthethermally-stabilizedpaper.Additionally,themechanismbetweendifferenttypesofoil-paperinsulationandtheirspacechargetransportstillneedtobefurtherstudied.Keywords:transformer;oil-paperinsulation;spacecharge;pulsedelectro-acoustic;PEA;transport;trap0引言基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(973计划)(2009CB724505-1);中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(CDJXS11150004);输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室自主研究项目(2007DA10512708103)。ProjectSupportedbytheNationalBasicResearchProgramofChina(973Program)(2009CB724505-1),TheFundamentalResearchFundsfortheCentralUniversities(CDJXS11150004),ScientificResearchFoundationofSKLofPowerTransmissionandSystemSecurity(2007DA10512708103).换流变压器是特高压直流输电系统中的重要电力设备之一,其主要固体绝缘介质为绝缘纸。当绝缘纸处于工作状态时,因外部电场的存在,介2第00卷质内部会产生空间电荷注入现象。注入的电荷将积聚在绝缘介质体内,削弱外部电场并加强体内局部电场,在介质内部产生场强分布畸变影响,引起早期绝缘损伤,加速绝缘介质的老化,严重时会引发电导电流增...