一年两收栽培夏黑葡萄香气成分分析陈彦蓓罗惠格陆媚农慧兰白扬林玲白先进曹雄军陈爱军王博摘要：【目的】分析一年兩收栽培夏黑葡萄夏果和冬果的香气成分，为提高该品种的芳香品质及促进其一年两收栽培技术的发展提供理论依据。【方法】以8年生一年两收栽培的夏黑葡萄为试验材料，于始转色期、成熟期和成熟后期采集夏果和冬果。采用HS-SPME-GC-MS方法，分别对夏果和冬果3个时期的香气成分进行定性定量分析，并监控不同发育期持续天数、气象指标和浆果理化指标的变化。【结果】一年两收栽培夏黑葡萄从萌芽到成熟过程中，夏果的每日气温逐渐上升，而冬果的每日气温逐渐降低，冬果较夏果转色期更早，成熟期持续的时间更长。成熟期冬果可溶性固形物和可滴定酸含量均高于夏果;夏果和冬果于始转色期、成熟期和成熟后期分别检测到48、51、47种和52、56、56种香气成分，包括醛类、醇类、酯类、酮类、萜烯类和酸类。冬果3个时期的香气成分总含量分别为472.83、1020.27和836.43μg/L，均显著高于夏果的459.39、638.57和659.20μg/L（P关键词：夏黑葡萄;一年两收栽培;香气成分;气候：S663.1文献标志码：A：2095-1191（2021）05-1343-10Abstract：【Objective】ThearomacomponentsinsummerandwintergrapesofSummerBlackgrapecultivatedintwo-crops-a-yearsystemwereanalyzed，inordertoprovidetheoreticalbasisforimprovingitsaromaqualityandpromotionoftwo-crops-a-yearcultivation.【Method】Eight-year-oldSummerBlackgrapevineswhichcultivatedunderatwo-crops-a-yearcultivationwereusedasthematerial，thesummerandwintergrapeswerecollectedatveraison，ripeningandlateri-peningstages.Headspace-solidphasemicroextraction（HS-SPME）andgaschromatography-massspectrometry（GC-MS）wereusedtoqualitativelyandquantitativelyanalyzethearomacomponentsofthesethreestagesofsummerandwintergrapes，andthechangesofdurationdays，meteorologicalindexesandberryphysicochemicalindexesindifferentdevelopmentalstagesbetweensummerandwintergrapesweremonitored.【Result】Frombuddingtoripening，thedailytemperatureincreasedgraduallyinsummergrapes，whiledecreasedgraduallyinwintergrapes.Inwintergrapes，theveraisonwasearlierandthedurationofripeningprocesswaslongerthansummergrapes.Thesolublesolidscontentandtitratableacidscontentinripenwintergrapeswerehigherthanthatinsummergrapes.Atotalof48，51，47and52，56，56aromacomponentswereidentifiedinsummerandwintergrapesatveraison，ripeningandlateripeningstages，respectively，includingaldehydes，alcohols，esters，ketones，terpenesandacids.Thetotalcontentofaromacomponentsinthethreestagesofwintergrapeswere472.83，1020.27and836.43μg/L，respectively，whichwereallsignificantlyhigherthanthatinsummergrapes（459.39，638.57and659.20μg/L，respectively）（PKeywords：SummerBlackgrape;two-crops-a-yearcultivation;aromacomponents;climateFoundationitem：NationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina（31960572）;GuangxiInnovationDrivenDevelopmentProject（GuikeAA17204097-12）;BasicResearchProjectofGuangxiAcademyofAgriculturalSciences（Guinongke2021YT126，Guinongke2018YM09）0引言【研究意义】自葡萄一年两收栽培技术成功以来，传统上不适宜葡萄种植的南方地区在葡萄生产方面取得了巨大进展。葡萄一年两收栽培充分利用南方的温光资源优势，调节葡萄的市场供应期，显著提高了经济效益。由于夏季和冬季气候条件的不同，一年两收栽培葡萄的夏果和冬果果实代谢产物存在较大差异，从而在果实品质上也存在区别（成果等，2017;Chenetal.，2017;陈为凯，2018）。夏黑葡萄口感甜脆、香味浓郁，深受广大消费者的青睐，是广西一年两收栽培表现优异的重要早熟品种，其夏果和冬果的香气成分组成影响其果实品质。因此，研究一年两收栽培模式下夏黑葡萄果实香气成分组成和含量对其果实品质...