肾移植后肺结核徐超,张詰,季曙明1(南京军区南京总医院解放军肾脏病研究所;江苏省南京市,210002)第一作者简介:徐超,男,1987年出生,陕西省宝鸡市,汉族,2010年第二军医大学毕业(最后毕业院校),学位(最高学位):本科,主要从事肾脏疾病研究。E-mai1:smmuxc@hotni8iLcom1通信作者季曙明210002南京南京军区南京总更院解放军肾脏病研究所;E-mail:jishuming@mcdlin(?・com摘要背景:肾移植术后病人肺结核发病率显著高于正常人群,临床表现不典型。目的:总结肾移植术后肺结核感染的流行病学,临床表现,早期诊断,治疗及预防措施。方法:以“肾移植,肺结核,诊断,治疗,预防”为检索词,应用计算机检索中国知网(CNKT)期刊全文数据库2001-01/2009-12有关肾移植后肺结核的文章,限定文章语言种类为中文。纳入有关肾移植后肺结核的临床治疗的文献。排除重复性研究和不典型报道。保留51篇文献做进一步分析。以"renaltransplantation,tuberculosis,diagnosis,therapy,precautionary为检索词,应用计算机检索Medline和外文生物医学期刊全文数据库(ForeignJournalsIntegrationSystem)1999-01/2009-12有关文章,限定文章语言种类为英文。纳入有关肾移植后肺结核的临床治疗的文献。排除重复性研究和不典型报道。保留38篇文献做进一步分析。结果与结论:肾移植后病人肺结核的诊断需借助胸部X线、痰涂片或培养、PPD、血Anti-TBAb及PCR等综合检测,结合临床表现是早期诊断的关键。遇临床表现可疑者可行经验性抗结核治疗,一旦确诊调整免疫抑制方案,增加糖皮质激素用量,果断采取抗结核治疗以及营养支持治疗,将有助改善患者的预后。采用适合国人的免疫抑制方案,对高危人群给以预防性化疗或可起到预防作用。[关键词]肾移植;肺结核;诊断;治疗;预防AbstracttheObjectiveforthetuberculosisafterrenaltransplantation:TheTuberculosisincideneeofthepatientsafterrenaltransplantationismuchhigherthanthehealthypeople,theclinicalmanifestationisnottypical.Aim:tosummarizetheepidemiology,clinicalmanifestation,earlydiagnosis,managementandprecautionarymeasuresofthepatientswithtuberculosisafterrenaltransplantation.Method:theapplicationofcomputertechnologytoretrievethearticlesinCNKIperiodicalful1-textdatabaseonclinicaltreatmentoftuberculosisafterrenaltransplantationfrom2001Janto2009Dec.Wordsforretrieveare"renaltransplantation,tuberculosis,diagnosis,therapy,precautionaryv・---本文来源于网络,仅供参考,勿照抄,如有侵权请联系删除---Thelanguage1imitofthesearticlesisChinese・Thefirststepistohavethetrialofprimaryinstanceandselectliteratureabouttuberculosisafterrenaltransplantation.Then,thenon-randomisedarticlesareruledout.Thelast,searchfortheful1textofthearticleandlookforthereferencesaftertheseliterature.Inclusioncriteria©Theclinicaltherapyontuberculosisafterrenaltransplantation②Retrievaltimestartedfrom2001Janto2009Dec•③Randomisedresearch・Exclusioncriteria①Reproductiveresearch②non-typicalreport.Thetotalcollectionofarticlesontuberculosisafterrermltransplantationis74,and51amongthemareconsistentwithinelusioncriteria.Theexclusive23articlesrespectivelybelongtoreproductiveresearch,interview,experimentalresearchandnon-typicalclinicalreport;andretrievingthearticlesinMedlineandForeignJournalsIntegrationSystembaseonclinicaltreatmentoftuberculosisafterrenaltransplantationfrom1999Janto2009Dec.Wordsforretrieveareurenaltransplantation,tuberculosis,diagnosis,management/therapy,precautionaryn.ThelanguagelimitofthesearticlesisEnglish.Thefollowingproceduresaresametotheoneswhichhavebeendescribedabove・Thetotalcollectionofarticlesontuberculosisafterrenaltransplantationis72,and38amongthemareconsistentwithinelusi...