马铃薯新品种兴佳2号优化施肥研究陈孝赏陈伟强张中熙蔡东升摘要研究興佳2号的需肥规律，为合理施肥、减少和避免不合理施肥所造成的浪费和环境污染提供理论依据。采用“3414”最优回归设计，研究氮、磷、钾施用量对马铃薯块茎产量的影响，建立相应的肥料效应函数模型。对于马铃薯高产栽培种，钾肥用量对产量的影响最大，其次是磷肥用量和氮肥用量。由此可见，增钾、控氮、适磷的施肥措施是马铃薯获得高产的有效措施。产量高于25.0t/hm2和利润大于2.0万元/hm2的优化施肥方案为氮肥用量116.42～156.13kg/hm2，磷肥用量85.45～119.75kg/hm2，钾肥用量229.69～318.25kg/hm2。为了高产不能偏面增加肥料用量，需要将氮肥、磷肥、钾肥配施，同时应做好土壤培肥工作。马铃薯栽培中的优化施肥技术研究可采用“3414”最优回归设计。关键词马铃薯;肥料效应;最佳用量;兴佳2号;“3414”最优设计S532A0517-6611（2020）07-0176-03doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2020.07.050StudyonFertilizationOptimizationinPotato（cv.XingjiaNo.2）CHENXiaoshang，CHENWeiqiang，ZHANGZhongxietal（TaizhouAcademyofAgriculturalSciences，Linhai，Zhejiang317000）AbstractToprovideascientificbasisforrationalfertilization，aswellastoavoidandreducethewastepollutioncausedbyirrationalfertilization，thenutrientrequirementlawofpotato（cv.XingjiaNo.2）wasstudied.Theeffectofnitrogen，phosphorus，andpotassiumfertilizersuppliesonpotatotuberyieldwastestedbyemploying“3414”optimumregressiondesignmethod.Correspondingmathematicalmodelswereestablished.Inhighyieldingcultivationofpotato，theapplicationamountofKfertilizerhadthegreatesteffectonpotatoyield，whileNandPfertilizerhadaminoreffect.Thus，tocontrolN，increaseKandproperlyusePfertilizerwastheeffectivemeasuretoobtainhighyieldinpotato.Theoptimumfertilizercombinationforpotatoyieldmorethan25.0t/hm2andprofitsmorethan20000yuan/hm2wasnitrogen116.42-156.13kg/hm2，phosphorus85.45-119.75kg/hm2，potassium229.69-318.25kg/hm2.Overuseoffertilizertoincreaseyieldwasnotdesirable.Instead，NPKfertilizersshouldbecombinedandsoilfertilityshouldbewellmanaged.The“3414”optimumregressiondesigncouldbeappliedtooptimizationtechniquesinpotatocultivation.KeywordsPotato;Fertilizereffect;Optimumamount;XingjiaNo.2;“3414”optimumdesign基金项目台州市科技计划项目（15ny08）。作者简介陈孝赏（1976—），男，浙江天台人，高级农艺师，农业推广硕士，从事农作物高产栽培技术及新品种推广工作。-全文完-