中国科学化学磁场影响聚合物本体结晶动力学的机理分析摘要:在经典的热力学理论基础上，探讨了磁场对聚合物本体结晶过程的成核与生长的影响，建立了相关结晶动力学理论方程.初步认为，磁场产生的''磁结晶效应"可能是由于晶相与非晶相之间磁化率差异导致了两相之间磁化能的差异，也可能由于聚合物体系在结晶前会形成一种有序相，减小了体系的爛值'进而改变了结晶过程中的体系自由能，影响其成核与晶体生长，乃至整个结晶动力学方程.利用Mat-lab软件结合PLLA的各结晶参数值丿绘制了结晶口由能与各成核临界参数之间的函数图像.结果表明，在低过冷度下，较小的自由能扰动可能导致较大的晶核临界参数变Abstract:Themechanismofthemagneticfieldinflueneeonpolymer-bulkcrystallizationhasbeendiscussed,whichincludednucleatio-nandcrystalgrowth・Wehaveconstructedrelativeequation-sofcrystallizationkineticsbasedontheclassicthermodynamic-theory.Theequationsshowthattheumagnetocrystallizationef-fect7'(MCE)causedbythedifferenceofmagneticenergybetween-crystalandamorphousphases・Itcamefromthedifferenceof-magneticsusceptibilitiesbetweencrystalandamorphousphases---本文来源于网络，仅供参考，勿照抄，如有侵权请联系删除---・TheUlike-liquid-crystalphase7'inducedbymagneticfieldin-somepolymerisanotherpossiblereasonofMCE,which-havelowentropyandchangethefreeenergyincrystallization・Theycouldaffecttheprocessofnucleatior\crystalgrowth,theen-tireformulaofcrystalkinetics・Weused''Matlab"softwaretofig-urethefunctionofnucleationcriticalparametersandcrystal-freeenergy,thepicturesindicatedthatsmallfreeenergychanged-bythetemperatureormagneticfieldcouldgreatlyimpactonthe-valuesofnucleationcriticalparameterwithlowdegreeofsuper-cooling.取代基和溶剂对4,4-二取代二苯乙烯紫外吸收能量的影响摘要：合成25个4/T-二取代二苯乙烯化合物.测定了这些化合物在环己烷、乙醍、三氯甲烷、乙月青和醇等10多种溶剂中紫外吸收光谱的最大波长，共得到242个实验数据•讨论了取代基效应和溶剂效应对其紫外吸收光谱最大波长能量的影响.研究结果表明：同种溶剂中4,4=二取代二苯乙烯化合物紫外吸收最大波长的能量主要受其分子内部结构（取代基效应）的影响，即由取代基的激发态参数aCcex和基态的极性参数Op共同决定;不同溶剂中其紫外吸收最大波长的能量由取代基效应和溶剂效应共同决定.提出了定量估算4,4=二取代二苯乙烯化合物紫外吸收能量方程.并且发现，以溶剂在水/止辛醇中分配系---本文来源于网络，仅供参考，勿照抄，如有侵权请联系删除---数logP比用溶剂显色参数Er(30)度量溶剂效应更加有效,所得的定量方程相关性更好，物理意义更为明确.用所得方程对文献报道的有关化合物的紫外吸收光谱进行了预测，结果与实验测定值相吻合.Abstract:25samplesof4,4'-disubstitutedstilbenederivativesweresyn-thetised,andtheirUVabsorptionmaxwavelengthsweredetem-inedinover10kindsofsolventsineludingcyclohexane,ether,chlo-roform,acetonitrileandalcohol,inwhich242experimentaldataw-ererecorded・Theeffectsofsubstituentsandsolventsontheen-ergyoftheirUVabsorptionmaxwavelengthswerediscussed・Thereseachresultsshowed:theenergyofUVabsorption-maxwavelengthsof4,4'-disubstitutedstilbeneswasmainlyaf-fectedbytheirintramolecularstructure(substituenteffect)ina-givensolvent，thatistheenergyisdominatedbybothofexcited-statesubstituentparameteroCcexandpolarsubstituentconstant%Whiletheirenergywasdominatedbythesubstituenteffectand-solventeffectindifferentkindsofsolvents・Anequationquantify-ingtheenergyofUVabsorptionmaxwavelengthsof4,4,-disubsti-tutedstilbeneswasdeveloped・Inaddition,itisfoundthatthen-octanol/waterpartitioncoefficient(logP)ismoreeffec----本文来源于网络，仅供参考，勿照抄，如有侵权请联系删除---tivethanthesolvatochromicdye(Ep(30))inscalingthesolventef-fect・TheequationemployingtheparameterlogPhasabetter-correlationandmorespec汗icphysicalmeaning・Further,theenergiesofUVabsorptionmaxwavelengthsof-somereportedcompoundswerepredictedbytheobtainedequa-tion,whichareinagreementwiththeirexperimentalvalues---本文来源于网络，仅供参考，勿照抄，如有侵权请联系删除---