济南市PM2.5与人体相关疾病发病率的关联性研究［摘要］目的研究济南市空气屮PM2.5与临床呼吸科、心内科和神经内科门诊量的关系。方法收集济南市两家综合性医院一年呼吸科、心内科和神经内科门诊量、空气质量及气象数据，在控制“星期几效应”、气象因素等混杂因素的基础上，运用广义相加泊松冋归模型分析了PM2.5对英的影响。结果在两日累积PM2.5小于200ug/m3时，随着PM2.5的增加，呼吸科门诊量增加并不大，当其大于200Pg/m3且小于400Pg/m3时，门诊量增加较大，大气中PM2.5浓度与呼吸科日门诊量间存在非线性关系。两FI累积PM2.5浓度与心内科和神经内科门诊量呈线性关系，两口累积PM2.5每增加1Pg/m3,两医院心内科、神经内科门诊量大约增加1例患者。结论随着空气中PM2.5浓度的增加，临床呼吸科、心内科和神经内科门诊量冇增加趋势，但PM2.5浓度与不同科室日门诊量关系稍有不同。［关键词］PM2.5；临床常见疾病；广义可加模型［中图分类号］R195.1［文献标识码］B［文章编号］1673-9701(2015)16-0114-04［Abstract］ObjectiveTostudythecormectionsbetweenPM2.5intheairinJinancityandtheoutpatientvisitsinthedepartmentofpneumology,thedepartmentofcardiologyandthedepartmentofneurology.MethodsOutpatientvisitsinthedepartmentofpneumology,departmentofcardiologyanddepartmentofneurologyintwocomp---本文来源于网络，仅供参考，勿照抄，如有侵权请联系删除---rehensivehospitalsinJinan,airqualityandmeteorologicaldatawerecollected・Onthebasisofcontrollingconfoundingfactorssuchas〃dayoftheweek"andmeteorologicaldata,generalizedadditivepoissonregressionmodelwasappliedtoanalyzetheeffectofPM2.5ontheoutpatientsvisits.ResultsWhiletwo-daycumulativePM2.5waslowerthan200ug/m3,theincreaseofoutpatientsvisitsinthedepartmentofpneumologywasnotsubstantialalongwiththeincreaseofPM2.5.Whi1ePM2.5washigherthan200Pg/m3andlowerthan400ug/m3,theoutpatientvisitswerelarge.ConcentrationofPM2.5intheatmosphereshowedanon-linearcormectionwithdailyoutpatientsvisitsintheDepartmentofPneumology.Concentrationoftwo-daycumulativePM2.5showedalinearconnectionwiththeoutpatientvisitsindepartmentofcardiologyanddepartmentofneurology.Oncethetwo-claycumulativePM2.5increased1ug/m3,1morepatientvisitedtheoutpatientofdepartmentofcardiologyanddepartmentofneurology.ConclusionWiththeincreaseofPM2.5concentrationintheair,outpatientvisitsinthedepartmentofpneumology,thedepartmentofcardiologyandthedepartmentofneurologyhaveanincreasingtrend，buttheconcentrationofPM2.5hasslightdifferentcormectionswiththedailyoutpatientvisitsindifferentdepartments.［Keywords］PM2.5；Clinicalcommondiseases；---本文来源于网络，仅供参考，勿照抄，如有侵权请联系删除---Generalizedadditivemodel空气中悬浮颗粒物分为大粒径颗粒物（粒径在11-100um）和可吸入颗粒物（粒径W10um,即PM10）oPM10又分粗颗粒（粒径在2.5~10um）和细颗粒物（粒径W2.5,即PM2.5）。PM2.5又称可入肺颗粒物，含大量有毒、有害物质，在大气中的停留时间长、输送距离远，易引发哮喘、支气管炎等疾病［1］。大量研究表明，大气颗粒物能对人体健康造成巨大损失，且粒径越小，危害越犬。近年来，济南地区空气污染严重，PM2.5是灰霾天气的元凶，其给环境和人体健康带来的危害不容忽视。对颗粒物的定量健康危害评价，已成为WHO.欧盟等国际机构关注的热点之一。世界卫生组织指出，PM2.5在25Ug/m3以上都对健康有害［2］。大气污染通常是跨区域的，不利于清洁大气以及人类坏境的可持续发展。目前国外针对霾健康危害的研究主耍集中在细颗粒物诱发的健康效应方面，而且国内在以往的研究中，己有大气污染物组成及对呼吸系统疾病的研究，而对心血管系统发病规律的研究，尤其是在济南地区并不多见。因此，研究PM2.5与人体各系统疾病的发病率规律，探...