杜鹃红山茶与29个山茶属原生种间的杂交亲和性研究钟乃盛严丹峰柯欢刘信凯赵鸿杰高继银摘要以杜鵑红山茶为杂交亲本，与山茶属9个组别共29个原生物种进行杂交育种，检测杜鹃红山茶与山茶属的种间杂交亲和性。结果显示，杜鹃红山茶与多齿红山茶、南山茶、浙江红山茶、长毛红山茶、滇山茶、大苞山茶、越南抱茎茶、尖萼红山茶、全缘红山茶9个物种的杂交亲和性较好，与皱果茶、怒江红山茶、厚壳红花瘤果茶、厚叶红山茶4个物种具有一定的杂交亲和性，与崇左金花茶、毛蕊红山茶、毛籽金花茶3个物种的杂交亲和性较差，与剩余的13个山茶物种杂交不亲和。在山茶属9个组别中，杜鹃红山茶与原始山茶组、红山茶组之间的杂交亲和性较好，与瘤果茶组的杂交亲和性较差，与金花茶组的杂交亲和性极差，与糙果茶组、短柱茶组、油茶组、连蕊茶组、长柄茶组等组别则未显现出杂交亲和性。杜鹃红山茶与山茶属原生种间反交时的杂交亲和性和育种效率高于正交。关键词杜鹃红山茶;山茶属;杂交亲和性S685.14A0517-6611（2020）07-0140-06doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2020.07.039StudyonInterspecificCrosscompatibilitybetweenCamelliaazealeaandTwentynineSpeciesofCamelliaZHONGNaisheng1，YANDanfeng2，KEHuan3etal（1.PalmEcoTownDevelopmentCo.，Ltd.，Guangzhou，Guangdong510627;2.ZhaoqingUniversity，Zhaoqing，Guangdong526061;3.ForestResearchInstituteofFoshanCity，Foshan，Guangdong528222）AbstractCamelliasazealeawasselectedasparentalmaterialtomatewithtwentyninespeciesbelongingtoninedifferentsectionsofCamellia，inordertotesttheinterspecificcrosscompatibilitybetweenC.azealeaandspeciesofCamellia.TheresultsshowedthatC.azealeahadthebestcrosscompatibilitywithnineCamelliaspecies，includingC.polyodonta，C.semiserrata，C.chekiangoleosa，C.villosa，C.reticulate，C.granthamiana，C.amplexicaulis，C.edithaeandC.subintegra，whileC.azealeahadmoderatecrosscompatibilitywithfourspeciesincludingC.rhytidocarpa，C.saluenensis，C.rubituberculata，C.crassissima.Meanwhile，C.azealeahadslightcrosscompatibilitywiththreespeciesincludingC.chuangtsuoensis，C.mairei，C.ptilosperma.ButC.azealeawasincompatiblewithrestthirteenspeciesofCamellia.AmongtheninesectionsofCamellia，C.azealeahadthebestcrosscompatibilitywithsectionArchecamelliaandsectionCamellia，havingmoderatecrosscompatibilitywithsectionTuberculata，havingslightcrosscompatibilitywithsecionChrysantha.ButC.azealeawasunabletoshowcrosscompatibilitywithsectionFurfurancea，sectionParacamellia，sectionOleifera，sectionTheopsis，sectionLongipedicellata.BothcrosscompatibilityandbreedingefficiencyofbackcrosswerehigherthanorthogonalitywhenhybridizingC.azealeawithCamelliaspecies.KeywordsCamelliasazealea;Camellia;Crosscompatibility基金项目广东省林业科技创新项目（2014KJCX008-01）;广东省重点领域研发计划（2018B020202002）。作者简介钟乃盛（1985—），男，广东梅州人，工程师，从事山茶花育种等研究。通信作者，高级工程师，从事城市林业研究。-全文完-