:1001-4829(2006)05-0791-05四川小麦地方品种农艺性状分析陈华萍1,2,3,魏育明1,2,王照丽4,郑有良1宀(1・西南作物基因资源与遗传改良教育部重点实验室,四川雅安625014;2.四川农业大学小麦研究所,四川雅安625014;3.四川农业大学生命科学与理学院,四川雅安62501414.成都市环境保护科学研究院,四川成都610072)摘要:以67份四川小麦地方品种为试验材料进行农艺性状分析,并对性状之间进行简单相关和借相关分析,多元逐步回归和通径分析,旨在为小麦的還传改良与育种利用提供依据。结果表明:四川小麦地方品种植株总体僞离,有效穗数多数在10个以下,小穗数平均为20.4,部分品种穗粒数较多、大于70粒,但千粒重和单株产量较低,平均值分别为27.5和11.2g。筛选出一些单一或综合农艺性状优良的材料。性状相关分析痕明:随等有效勇數、穗粒數和千社重增加,单株产提高。逐步回归分析和通径分析都表明:有效務数、稳粒数和千粒重对单株产量的正向直接彩响校大。多元回归方程:丫=・21.96*1.54+0.18+0.42忌解释了单株产量变异的97.09%0因此,高产育种时,宜考虑选择有效穆數、穗桂数和千粒重高的小麦品种。关键词:小麦;农艺性状;相关分析;通径分析;回归分析:S512」文献标识码:AAnalysisofagronomiccharactersofSichuanwheatlandracesCHENHua-pingu2-3fWElYu-ming1-2,4NCZhao-li4,ZHENGYou-liang1-^(l.KeyI.alxiratoryofCropGeneticResourcesandImprovementinSouthwestChina,MinistryofEducation9SichunaYa'an625014;2.TriticeaeRe・searchInstitute,SichuanAgriculturalUnivenaty,SichunaYa'an625014;3.Q激egpofLifeScienceandScience,SichuanAgriculturalUniveraity,SichuanYa'an625014,China;4.ChengduEnvironmentProtectionScienceAcademy,SichuanChengdu610072,China)Abstract:Hieagronomiccharactenjof67Sichuanu4ieatlandraceswereevaluatedbyusingthesUtidticalmethodsofsirrpleandpartialcorrelationanalysis,multiplestepwiseregressionandpathanalysisinordertoprovidehelpfulinformationforthegeneticim(xovementofwheat.Hieresultsindicatedthattheplantheightofnx»tlandraceswastoohi曲tobeusedforbreedingprogram.andthe^ikenumberperplantofmortlandraceswaslessthatten."Hieaveragenumberofspikeletswas20・4・Hiegrainnumberper爭ilceofsomematerialswasmorethan70,butthe1000-grainweightandgrainweightperplantofthanwerelower,uilhthemeanof27.5gand11.2g9respectively.Afewlandraceswereselectedoutbasedontheirsin^eorgeneralagronomiccharacters・Correctionanalysisofcharactereindicatedthatwiththeincreaseof甲ikenumberperplant,grainnumberperspikeand1000-grainweight,thegrainweightperplantwouldincreasedobviously.Thestepwiseregressionandpathanalysis(/agronomiccharactersshowedthatthepositiveeffectsofspikenumberperplant9grainnumberperspikeand1000-grainweightongrainwei^itperplantwerelarger.And97.09%variationofgrainwdghtperplantcouldbeexplainedbythemultipleregressionequations『=-21・96♦1・54♦0.18+QA2X$.Therefore,thevarietieswithhigherspikenumberperplant,highergrainnumberper牢ikeorhitler1000-grainwei曲Icouklbeennsideredtobeuti・lizedinhighyieldbreeding・Keywords:wheal;agronomiccharactera;correlationanalysis;pathanalysis;regressionanalysis地方品种是在长期的栽培过程中适应于特定环境、保持遗传上相对稳定的复合群,是自然选择与人工选择的产物。在我国过去的农业生产中,由于长期封闭的自给自足的自然经济,形成了丰富的小麦地方品种类群和广泛的遗传基因资源。因此,对小麦地方品种的研究,已受到人们的极大关注,其研究内容已涉及收稿日W:2006-03-24基金项目:爲等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20CM06260(M);Pq川省教育厅科研项D(2005B003)资助作老简介:陈华评(1964-),女,汉族,博土,副教授,Td:13111827661,*为通讯作者。小麦农艺性状⑴、品质性状〔2"、抗穗发芽特性[7、遗传...